Amit's Exchange Share

Moving My Blog to Wordpress

2008-03-31T23:52:00.000+05:30

I am moving my blog to Wordpress and the address is below.

http://exchangeshare.wordpress.com/

Amit Tank

Fair Overview of Exchange 2007 Server Roles

2008-01-06T14:42:00.000+05:30

Exchange 2007 has been splited based on Server Roles so if you require any specific function on a server then it can be placed on indivudial server based on your requirement, Exchange architecture, performance, management or your organization's policies.

We used to set Front-End and Back-End server roles in Exchange 2003 but Exchange 2007 introduces five roles for an Exchange organization.

Mailbox
Hub Transport
Edge Transport
Client Access
Unified Messaging

Brief overview of each roles are below.

1. Mailbox Server

Use for holding all Exchange Database - Mailbox & Public Folder (optional).
It should be part of Domain & AD.
50 Storage Groups & 50 Mailbox Stores in each Storage Groups.
STM File architecture has been removed.
Proper backup recovery plans should be in place for High Availability.

2. Hub Transport Server

Responsible for internal mail flow. (Same like Bridgehead in Exchange 2003).
It should be part of Domain & AD.
Incoming Mail Flow : Mailbox <- Hub Transport <- Edge Transport <- Internet.
Outgoing Mail Flow : Mailbox -> Hub Transport -> Edge Transport -> Internet.
Hub Transport can be placed instead of Edge Transport and can act for the similar function.
Transport Agents, AntiSpam, AntiVirus can be enabled.
Disclaimer can be set on.
One Hub Transport role should be placed at a AD Site for good architecture.

3. Edge Transport Server

Should be placed in Edge of your organization ( in workgroup / DMZ / perimeter ).
Should NOT be a member of Domain & AD.
ADAM ( Active Directory Application Mode ) provides AD information to Edge Transport server with help of Exchange component "EdgeSynch" by creating one way synchronization (from Domain to Edge Server).
ADAM & EdgeSynch provides AD recipient information & SPAM filtering efficiency.
Provides better Anti-spam and Anti-virus protection with help of connection filtering, content filtering, recipient filtering, SenderID, sender and IP reputation.
Edge Transport Rules to protect Exchange environment, based on SMTP and MIME addresses, words in the subject and message body, and SCL rating.
Address rewriting feature allows to modify the SMTP address on in/out-bound mail.

4. Client Access Server

Client Access Server was known as a Front End in Exchange 2003.
It should be part of Domain & AD.
Handles all the milbox access request comes from

Outlook Anywhere - Application (like Outlook 2003 or 2007).
MAPI, POP3 or IMAP4 client - like Outlook Express and Eudora
Exchange ActiveSync - Mobile devices ( like Windows Mobile 5 Smartphone, pocket PC or any other device).
Outlook Web Access (OWA) including Sharepoint & UNC access.

Clietn Access provides Autodiscover mailbox location for Microsoft Outlook 2007.

5. Unified Messaging

Merge VoIP environment with Exchange.
Requires VoIP Gateways or PBXes to connect with Exchange.
Access Voice Mails by using OWA.
Outlook Voice Access provides below things.

Listen voicemails.
Forward or reply to messages.
Get emails automatically & read via text-to-speech interface.
Get calendar information.
Accept or reply to meetings.
Set voicemail Out-of-Office messages.
Access or dial contact.
Reconfigure the lite settings on the mailbox.

VBScript: Search Files Older than 30 Days (including sub folder) and Move to Another Location

2008-01-03T11:47:00.000+05:30

Sometime we need an automated task to move some of the files from one location to another, examples are bleow.
· SMTP Logs
· SPAM Product Logs
· Some Application Logs
· Temporary Files

So I have created a script that allows you to search all files in a location (including sub folders) which are older than 30 days, move it to specified location and record it into a log file “Move-Result.txt”.

Give the input path where you want to search the files at below line in the script.
SPath = "c:\temp\"

Give the path of destination location at below line in the script.
objFSO.MoveFile FileName, "d:\test\"

====== Script Code ======
Dim objFSO, ofolder, objStream

Set objShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
Set objFSO = CreateObject("scripting.filesystemobject")
Set objNet = CreateObject("WScript.NetWork")
Set FSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
set outfile = fso.createtextfile("Move-Result.txt",true)
SPath = "c:\temp\"

ShowSubfolders FSO.GetFolder(spath)

Sub ShowSubFolders(Folder)
For Each Subfolder in Folder.SubFolders
CheckFolder(subfolder)
ShowSubFolders Subfolder
Next
End Sub

'CheckFolder(objFSO.getFolder(SPath))

Sub CheckFolder(objCurrentFolder)
Dim strTempL, strTempR, strSearchL, strSearchR, objNewFolder, objFile
Const OverwriteExisting = TRUE
currDate = Date
dtmDate = Date - 30
strTargetDate = ConvDate(dtmDate)
For Each objFile In objCurrentFolder.Files
FileName = objFile
'WScript.Echo FileName
strDate = ConvDate(objFile.DateCreated)
'strDate = ConvDate(objFile.DateLastModified)
If strDate < strTargetDate Then
objFSO.MoveFile FileName, "d:\test\"
outfile.writeline filename
End If
Next
End Sub

Function ConvDate (sDate) 'Converts MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM:SS to string YYYYMMDD
strModifyDay = day(sDate)
If len(strModifyDay) < 2 Then
strModifyDay = "0" & strModifyDay
End If
strModifyMonth = Month(sDate)
If len(strModifyMonth) < 2 Then
strModifyMonth = "0" & strModifyMonth
End If
strModifyYear = Year(sDate)
ConvDate = strModifyYear & strModifyMonth & strModifyDay
End Function
====== Script Code ======

Mailbox is empty - but ESM still shows size & count…

2007-12-27T10:54:00.000+05:30

In last couple of months I have encountered couple of problem with same symptoms and heard a lot problem in newsgroups also.

Let’s consider the symptoms first:

• In the Exchange System Manager you have a Mailbox that says that it has 33 items and is a total size of 42,008 KB

• User has cleared down all their e-mail in the Inbox, Sent Items, Deleted items so they have a almost empty mailbox, but the Exchange System manager still claims that the mailbox contains items and those items amount to several Megabytes in size.

Some of the guys assume that mailbox is corrupted so delete it and re-create the exchange attributes with fresh mailbox to solve this issue, but we can go through below solution.

Solution Steps:

• Try to move mailbox from one Mailbox Store to another and check if you can see the location of any hidden item. Location might be Root, Inbox, Calendar etc…

• From the Microsoft Exchange web-site you will need to download the “Microsoft Exchange Server MAPI Editor” – to a machine where Outlook installed.

Note: Before we begin I have to tell you the fact that MAPI Editor is a pretty dangerous tool, it should be used with care and any small misuse could result in the loss of data or a mailbox being completely unreadable – take care and as always ensure that you have a working backup.

Configure outlook profile with the affected user’s mailbox.

Double click on the MFCMAPI.exe file and you will be having following screen:

Click on the OK button then go to the “SESSION” menu and select “Logon and Display Store Table”;

This will bring a pop-up for MAPI profile selection box (only if you have multiple MAPI profiles configured in machine);

Choose the correct profile from the list – or if you do not get the profile selection tab then proceed to the next stage

The MAPI Editor screen will change to look like the following;

You will need to double click on the item entitled “Mailbox – <<>>" and a new Window will open which looks like the following (you will have to expand the item called the “Root Container”):

Double click on the option in the left hand tree entitled “Top of Information Store” – following Window will be opened:

As you can see, in the top plane you can see all of the items that appear to be missing:

You can select all the messages above and export them to EML files, go to the “ACTIONS” menu and choosing the “SAVE TO FILE”

Then you can go to the “Actions” menu and choose the “DELETE MESSAGES” option – this will prompt you with the following question:

Choose the “Permanent delete passing DELETE_HARD_DELETE (unrecoverable)” option – this will ensure that the items have been fully removed from the Information Store.

When you have deleted all hidden mails, close down the MAPI editor.

Final View in ESM:

Refresh the view and you will have below view in ESM

Mystery solved!

VBScript: Copy Group Membership From One Group to Anothe

2007-11-20T14:13:00.000+05:30

Copies the group membership from one group to another (which is not possible by any GUI Tool)
Article is also available at:
http://www.microsoft.com/technet/scriptcenter/csc/scripts/ad/groups/cscad110.mspx

=========Script Code===========

strSGroupDN = InputBox ("Enter the DN of Source Group" & VBCRLF &_
vbcrlf& _
vbcrlf& _
"e.g. CN=Source Group,OU=Users,DC=NWTraders,DC=com")
strDGroupDN = InputBox ("Enter the DN of Destination Group" & VBCRLF &_
vbcrlf& _
vbcrlf& _
"e.g. CN=Destination Group,OU=Users,DC=NWTraders,DC=com")

set dicSeenGroupMember = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
set objDGroup = GetObject("LDAP://" & strDGroupDN)
DisplayMembers "LDAP://" & strSGroupDN, dicSeenGroupMember
Function DisplayMembers (strGroupADsPath, dicSeenGroupMember)
set objGroup = GetObject(strGroupADsPath)
for each objMember In objGroup.Members
objDGroup.Add("LDAP://" & objMember.distinguishedName)
next
End Function
MsgBox "Group Members have been copied to Destination Group"

=========Script Code===========

PowerShell Script: Move Mailboxes From Exchange 2003 to Exchange 2007

2007-11-20T13:39:00.000+05:30

Moves mailboxes from Exchange 2003 to Exchange Server 2007 by reading user aliases from a text file and report errors back to text file (if any during movement).

If you want to move the mailboxes which are spread across on multiple servers, this is the better way to move those.

Article is also available at:
http://www.microsoft.com/technet/scriptcenter/csc/scripts/email/exch2007/cscem061.mspx

=========Script Code===========

# 1. Login into destination Exchange 2007 Server
# 2. Set the database name in line $TargetDatabase = "Mailbox Database" where you want to move the mailboxes
# 3. Put the list of all user's alias into c:\users.txt file
# 4. Copy this file at C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\scripts with name Move-Mailboxes.ps1
# 5. Run the cmdlet from Exchange Power Shell
# 6. Once all mailboxes moves check the file c:\MoveLog.txt file for any error during movement
$TargetDatabase = "Mailbox Database"
$SourceFile = "c:\users.txt"
$a = remove-item c:\Movelog.txt -ea SilentlyContinue
$error.Clear()
$UserList = Get-Content $SourceFile
foreach($user in $UserList)
{
$message = "Moving User -> " + $user
write-output $message out-file -filePath "c:\MoveLog.txt" -append -noClobber
move-mailbox -Identity $user -TargetDatabase $TargetDatabase -BadItemLimit 5 -PreserveMailboxSizeLimit:$true -Confirm: $false
if($error.Count -ne 0)
{
$message = "User " + $user + " failed to move ???????????"
write-output $message out-file -filePath "c:\MoveLog.txt" -append -noClobber
$message = "Error:::: " + $error[0].ToString()
write-output $message out-file -filePath "c:\MoveLog.txt" -append -noClobber
$error.Clear()
}
}
=========Script Code===========

VBScript: Write Group Membership Information to a Text File

2007-10-30T18:33:00.000+05:30

Retrieves the membership of a specified group (including the members of any nested groups), and then writes that information to a text file. Which is not possible with normal AD tools.

Article is also available at:
http://www.microsoft.com/technet/scriptcenter/csc/scripts/ad/groups/cscad109.mspx

=========Script Code===========

' ---------- Determine variable -----------
Dim outfile
'----Create File System Object Space ----
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
' ---- Define variable for Output file to write ----
set outfile = fso.createtextfile("Members.txt",true)
on error resume next
'--Call the Function for Finding Group Membership - including nested groups--
strGroupDN = "CN=Domain Admins,CN=Users,DC=Domain,DC=com"
'*****Give here DN of Group*****'
strSpaces = " "
set dicSeenGroupMember = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
outfile.writeline "Members of " & strGroupDN & ":"DisplayMembers "LDAP://" & strGroupDN, strSpaces, dicSeenGroupMember
Function DisplayMembers ( strGroupADsPath, strSpaces, dicSeenGroupMember)
set objGroup = GetObject(strGroupADsPath)
for each objMember In objGroup.Members
outfile.writeline strSpaces & objMember.name
if objMember.Class = "group" then
if dicSeenGroupMember.Exists(objMember.ADsPath) then
outfile.writeline strSpaces & " ^ already seen group member " & "(stopping to avoid loop)"
else
dicSeenGroupMember.Add objMember.ADsPath, 1
DisplayMembers objMember.ADsPath, strSpaces & " ", dicSeenGroupMember
end if
end if
next
End Function
MsgBox "Group Membership has been dumped to -Members.txt- file"

=========Script Code===========

Delete Corrupted Out Of Office Rule with MFCMapi

2007-05-27T15:25:00.000+05:30

This article will help to delete corrupted out of office rule from you mailbox but you should have some knowledge of MFCMapi.

Download MFCMapi

Go through below steps to remove the OOO rule

Steps :

· Start MAPI Editor.

· In the Mailbox window, you will see the Mailbox and Public folders instances listed in the Display Name column. Note : If there are multiple entries here then there could be several personal folder files (.pst files) added to your outlook profile. If you are not sure which file is the default delivery store, look in the PR_DEFAULT_STORE column. if there is a True in the column then file is the default delivery store.

· Double-click the mailbox in the list and it should opens in a separate window.

· Expand the root container. Then you can see such as IPM_SUBTREE, Common Views, Shortcuts, and so on. ( This list is available if you are using Exchange Server 2003 and Outlook 2003)

· You have to expand IPM_SUBTREE then you will see the folders such as Inbox, Outbox, Sent Items, and whatever you created

· Right-click the Inbox folder and then click Open Associated Contents Table (This is the list of “hidden messages" of the Inbox).

· Look for items whose message class is IPM.Note.Rules.OofTemplate.Microsoft and then click Delete.

· It will ask to move the Out Of Office rule to Deleted Items folder, or permanently delete them. After old out-of-office messages are deleted, new messages should be created automatically by Outlook.

Hope this will be useful for you.

Eseutil Notes

2007-04-16T23:13:00.000+05:30

If you have ever experience issues with your Exchange Information Store not starting or misbehaving you would have most likely to use Eseutil. Take care while running this command with incorrect switch.

Eseutil Function:
Eseutil.exe can be used to analyze or verify, modify & repair your exchange Information Store database files.

Exchange 2007: Eseutil can be used to perform these tasks against the ESE database files on the Exchange 2007 Edge Transport and Hub Transport server for the mailbox and public folder stores only with the Exchange 2007 version of eseutil.

Eseutil Switches :
Defragment /d [options]
Recovery /r [options]
Integrity /g [options]
Checksum /k [options]
Repair /p [options]
File Dump /m[mode-modifier]
Copy File /y [options]
Restore /c [mode-modifier] [options]

Before using Eseutil Microsoft recommend following points.

Eseutil can be used on offline information stores only.
Run eseutil on one ESE database at a time
Make sure you have a copy of all the files for stores (including logs, chk files etc...)

Eseutil /d Defragment (Offline Defragmentation)

This switch is same like disk defragment, it will arrange the data in the beginning of database and rebuild the index, but it removes empty pages in the database file.

This procedure is commonly known as the offline defragmentation because the information store database will be offline when we do the defragmentation while the regular nightly online defragmentation (maintenance) that occurs when the information store is online.

In general avoid using eseutil /d switches unless, you removed/moved a lot of mailboxes from an Exchange database file or in second case there are -1018 errors in your event logs.

To see how much free space you have in an Exchange Database file just check in the event logs and look for recent occurrences of event 1221 or run eseutil /ms (database should be offline during this switch)

Before using Eseutil /d - Microsoft recommend following points.

Make sure before running eseutil /d that you should have at least 110% of the database files size available in free disk space on volume where defragmented copy of the database file is being created.

Microsoft does not recommend running Eseutil /d as a regular maintenance practice, as the online maintenance takes care of this. Exchange database should be in consistent state while you run eseutil /d on it.

The additional options for Eseutil /d command are as follows:

Note none of these additional options are required
/s - set streaming file name (default: NONE)
/t - set temp. Database name (default: TEMPDFRG*.EDB)
/f - set temp. Streaming file name (default: TEMPDFRG*.STM)
/I - do not defragment streaming file
/p - preserve temporary database (ie. don't instate)
/b - make backup copy under the specified name
/8 - set 8k database page size (default: auto-detect)
/o - suppress logo

Example :

eseutil.exe /d "C:\Program Files\Exchsrvr\MDBDATA\priv1.edb" /s "C:\Program Files\Exchsrvr\MDBDATA\priv1.stm"

Exchange Message Limits Settings ( 5 Ways )

2007-04-16T03:12:00.000+05:30

There are 5 different ways to limit message sizes in exchange.

Global Settings

This is the easiest thing to do, set the message size limit with a global setting that applies to all users.

Open up Exchange System Manager and go to Global Settings Message Delivery and right-click to open the properties. Click on the Defaults tab and enter the default size limits.

Connector Properties

Connectors are used to connect Exchange server to remote mail servers. When you send a message to a user outside of your organization it goes through a connector. You can limit the size of a message that goes through a connector.

Open up to connectors properties and on the Content Restrictions tab you can specify to allow Only messages less than (KB).

Virtual SMTP Server

Connectors only apply to outgoing mail, to limit incoming mail you can set a limit on the virtual SMTP server.
Open up ESM and go to Servers Server name Protocols SMTP and right-click on the SMTP virtual server and choose Properties; click on the Messages tab. Here you can set to limit message size to (KB).

Distribution List

When creating, or editing a Distribution List, you can specify a limit for a message size sent to members of the group.
On the Exchange General tab of the groups properties, you can set the message size limit.

Mailbox Properties

On the user level, open up the user account properties and select the Exchange General tab. Click on Delivery Restrictions and set limits here too.

DSAccess Component in Exchange

2007-04-16T03:07:00.000+05:30

Prior to Exchagne 2000, Exchange had its own "directory service". When Exchange switched to storing Exchange data in Active Directory Microsoft needed a way for Exchange to communicate with Active Directory. From this need DSAccess was created to regulate traffic between Exchange 2000/2003 and Active Directory.

DSAccess is an API that is used by Exchange to query Active Directory. It is used when Exchange needs to obtain information on recipients and configuration. The following Exchange services are just some of the components that depends on DSAccess
- Exchange System Attendant
- Exchange Message Transfer Agent
- Exchange information store

The DSAccess cache contains two distinct caches.

1. The configuration cache
The configuration cache is used to store configuration data such as information on the store(s) and routing and is 5MB is size. When the Exchange server starts up DSAccess discovers the Active Directory topology, a list of domain controllers and global catalog servers. This is repeated every 15 minutes looking for configuration changes. Every time an Exchange server requires DC or GC access, the configuration cache is viewed to find an available DC or GC.

2. The user objects cache.
The other cache, the user object cache, is used to store user data. When an Exchange server needs to locate information on a user, DSAccess will look in this cache first, before performing an LDAP query. User objects in the cache expire based on two criteria, either the TTL expires, or the cache is filled and needs to cache newer information. The default size of the cache is 140MB.

DSAccess is composed of a group of DLLs.
- DSAccess.dll
- Dscmgs.dll
- Dscperf.dll

Excluding User(s) From IMF in Exchange

2007-04-16T02:56:00.000+05:30

Exchange 2003 SP2 offers a new feature called Intelligent Message Filter which provides Spam protection for users with mailboxes on the Exchange server. There are some cases when you may have a user, or users who do not wish to have their mail filtered and rely on other methods for Spam prevention.

You have to install a Hot Fix KB912587, This is an unsupported hot fix that has not passed regression testing, and so make sure you test it before you deploy this in your production environment.

With the hot fix installed, there are a few registry settings you need to configure. Open up the registry for editing and drill down too

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Exchange

Create a new key called ContentFilter and under this create a new DWORD called CheckRecipients. You have two options for IMF exclusion

- Inclusive - Setting the value of CheckRecipients to 1 will cause the IMF filter to be bypassed as long as one recipient is on the list of recipients.
If an email is sent to 10 people in the organization, and one of those users is excluded from IMF, the message will not be filtered for anyone.
- Exclusive - Setting the value of CheckRecipients to 2 will cause the IMF filter to be bypassed only is all recipients are on the list. If an email is sent to 10 people in the organization, all the recipients must be excluded from IMF for the message to pass through unfiltered. If even one user is not on the list the message will pass through IMF.

Finally you need to create a new Multi-String called RecipList and enter the SMTP address of the recipients you want to exclude from IMF.

MS Exchange 2007 Certification Range

2007-04-16T02:54:00.000+05:30

Check this new Microsoft Certification range for Exchange 2007.

http://www.microsoft.com/learning/exams/70-236.mspx
http://www.microsoft.com/learning/exams/70-237.mspx
http://www.microsoft.com/learning/exams/70-238.mspx

Recover Shift Deleted Mails through OWA

2007-04-16T02:50:00.000+05:30

If you have deleted some mails with shift delete key, you can't recover through Recover Deleted Items in outlook.

OWA can also help in this case . . . open OWA with below link & enjoy recovering. . .

http://(Exchange Server Name)/Exchange/(User Logon ID)/(folder name)/?cmd=showdeleted

De-Emphasized & Discontinued Features in Exchange 2007

2007-04-16T02:25:00.000+05:30

De-emphasized Features

These features are still included in the Exchange product, but they're not prioritized anymore and will most likely disappear in the next Exchange release after Exchange Server 2007.
│ Public Folders
│ Proxy Address Generators
│ CDO 1.21
│ MAPI32
│ CDOEX (CDO 3.0)
│ Exchange WebDAV extensions
│ ExOLEDB
│ Store Events
│ Streaming backup APIs
│ Exchange Server Virus Scanning API (VSAPI)

Discontinued Features
Because of the major architectural changes in Exchange Server 2007, several of the features and components included in previous versions of Exchange have been discontinued in Exchange Server 2007.
Architecture Features
│ Routing Groups
│ Administrative Groups
│ Link State Routing
│ Routing Objects
│ IMF (replaced by Content Filter which can be considered IMF v3)
│ Network Attached Storage (NAS)
│ Exchange installable File System (ExIFS)
│ Event Service
Recipient-Related Features
│ Exchange extensions in Active Directory Users and Computers MMC snap-in
│ Microsoft Exchange Server Mailbox Merge Wizard (ExMerge)
│ Recipient Update Service (RUS)
Mobile Features
│ Outlook Mobile Access (OMA)
│ Outlook Mobile Access Browse
│ Always-Up-To-Date version 1 (AUTD v1)
│ S/MIME (will be back when Exchange 2007 SP1 releases)
Outlook Web Access Features
│ S/MIME Control component (will be back when Exchange 2007 SP1 releases)
│ Rules, Notes, Post Forms, Monthly Calendar view
│ Custom Forms
│ Editing personal distribution lists
│ URL commands except for free/busy, galfind, navbar, and contents
│ Public folder access
│ Exchange Web forms
Public Folder Features
│ Public Folder Management via GUI (but will be back when Exchange 2007 SP1 releases)
│ Non-MAPI top-level hierarchies in a public folder store
│ Public folder access using NNTP
│ Public folder access using IMAP4
Protocol Features
│ Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)
│ Management of POP3/IMAP4 via GUI (Will most likely be back when Exchange 2007 SP1 releases)
│ X.400 Message Transfer Agent (MTA)
│ SMTP Virtual Server Instances
Connector Features
│ Connector for Novell GroupWise and migration tools
│ Connector for Lotus Notes (an Exchange 2007 version is under development)
HA Features
│ Active/Active (A/A) clustering
Exchange 5.5-Related Features
│ Installing Exchange 5.5. into an Exchange 2007 organization
│ Support for Exchange 5.5 in same forest as Exchange 2007
│ Installing Exchange 2007 into an organization containing Exchange 5.5 servers
│ Active Directory Connector (ADC)
│ Site Replication Service (SRS)
APIs and Development Features
│ Transport Event hooks
│ Workflow Designer (included in Exchange 2003 SDK)
│ CDO for Workflow (on Exchange 2003 media)
│ CDOEXM
│ Exchange WMI classes
│ MAPI Client on Exchange Server
Tools and Management Features
│ Monitoring and Status Node
│ Message Tracking Center Node and tracking mechanism
│ Mailbox Recovery Center
│ Mailbox Management Service
│ Clean Mailbox tool
│ Migration Wizard
│ ExProfRe
│ Inter-Organization Replication tool (InterORG)